Licensing Policy
Articles published by Qubahan Journal of Social Science (QJSS) are made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), unless a different license is explicitly stated for a particular article.
Under this license, users may copy and redistribute published material provided that:
• Appropriate credit is given to the authors and QJSS.
• The formal published source is identified.
• The material is not used for commercial purposes.
• The work is not distributed in modified or adapted form.
• No implication of endorsement by the authors or journal is created.
Copyright remains with Qubahan Journal of Social Science in accordance with the journal's Copyright policy.
Third-party material may remain subject to separate copyright or licensing restrictions.